Abstract

Non-adherence to anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment is a major obstacle in the fight against TB, particularly in regions with high disease burden. This study explores the extent and determinants of non-adherence to anti-tuberculosis treatment among persons with pulmonary TB in Bamenda, Cameroon. Understanding the factors that lead to non-adherence is essential for developing effective interventions to enhance treatment compliance and prevent the spread of TB, including drug-resistant strains.

A cross-sectional study design was utilized, involving the collection of data from patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB and undergoing treatment in various healthcare facilities in Bamenda. Structured questionnaires and interviews were employed to gather information on patients’ adherence to their treatment regimen, as well as the socio-economic, psychological, and healthcare-related factors influencing their adherence. The study also considered the role of patient knowledge about TB, the perceived side effects of medications, and the availability of support systems.

The findings indicate a significant level of non-adherence among patients, with various factors contributing to this issue. Key determinants include the side effects of anti-TB drugs, which often lead patients to discontinue treatment, and socio-economic challenges such as financial constraints and transportation difficulties, which hinder regular visits to healthcare facilities. Additionally, inadequate patient education on the importance of completing the full course of treatment and the consequences of non-adherence was identified as a critical factor. The study also found that social stigma associated with TB further exacerbates the problem, as patients may avoid seeking treatment to prevent disclosure of their condition.

The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive strategies to improve adherence to anti-TB treatment in Bamenda. It recommends enhancing patient education and counseling to address misconceptions about TB and its treatment, as well as providing financial and logistical support to alleviate the barriers to treatment adherence. Moreover, the study suggests community-based interventions to reduce the stigma associated with TB and encourage more patients to adhere to their treatment. Addressing these challenges is vital for controlling the spread of TB and improving health outcomes in Bamenda, Cameroon.

Keywords: Non-Adherence, Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Patients, Bamenda, Cameroon, Public Health, Treatment Compliance.