Abstract

Immunization is a critical intervention for preventing childhood diseases, particularly in children under five years old. This study examines the knowledge and perceptions regarding immunization among mothers of under-five children in Douala, Cameroon. Understanding these factors is essential for improving vaccine uptake and safeguarding the health of young children in the community.

A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted among mothers in various neighborhoods of Douala. Data were collected using structured questionnaires that assessed the mothers’ knowledge of immunization schedules, the importance of vaccines, and the specific diseases they prevent. The study also explored mothers’ perceptions and beliefs about immunization, including their views on vaccine safety, effectiveness, and the role of immunization in child health.

The findings reveal that while a majority of mothers possess a basic understanding of the importance of immunization, there are notable gaps in their knowledge, particularly regarding specific vaccines and the full immunization schedule. The perceptions of immunization were generally positive, with many mothers acknowledging the protective benefits of vaccines for their children. However, some mothers expressed concerns about vaccine safety and potential side effects, which could impact their willingness to fully adhere to the recommended vaccination schedule. The study also highlighted that misinformation and accessibility challenges were common barriers to complete immunization.

The study underscores the need for enhanced public health education in Douala to address knowledge gaps and correct misconceptions about immunization. It recommends that healthcare providers engage more actively with communities to provide accurate information about vaccines and to build trust in the immunization process. Furthermore, the study advocates for improving access to vaccination services to ensure that all children, regardless of their socio-economic background, receive timely and complete immunizations. Strengthening mothers’ knowledge and positive perceptions of immunization is crucial for increasing vaccine coverage and protecting the health of under-five children in Douala.

Keywords: Immunization, Knowledge, Perceptions, Mothers, Under-Five Children, Douala, Cameroon, Public Health.