Abstract

This study assesses the knowledge and perceived importance of family planning among women of childbearing age at the Centre Médical d’Arrondissement (CMA) in Buea Town. Family planning plays a crucial role in maternal and child health, contributing to improved life quality, controlled birth rates, and reduced maternal mortality. Despite its importance, family planning uptake remains influenced by several factors, including knowledge, cultural beliefs, and access to healthcare services. This study aims to evaluate the level of awareness and understanding of family planning among women of reproductive age in Buea, as well as the barriers they face in accessing and using family planning services.

The research employed a descriptive cross-sectional design with a sample of 100 women aged 18–49 years, selected through systematic sampling at CMA Buea Town. Data was collected via structured questionnaires covering demographic information, knowledge of family planning methods, benefits, and perceived challenges. The questionnaire also examined factors influencing family planning decisions, such as cultural beliefs, religious perspectives, economic factors, and accessibility to family planning resources. Information on the specific contraceptive methods known by participants, including oral contraceptives, injectables, intrauterine devices, and natural methods, was also recorded to gauge familiarity and preferences.

Findings indicate that 65% of the participants were aware of at least one modern contraceptive method, with oral contraceptives and injectables being the most commonly known options. However, only 45% of the respondents expressed an understanding of the broader benefits of family planning, such as improved maternal health, child spacing, and economic stability. Knowledge was strongly influenced by educational background, with women with secondary education or higher showing better awareness and more positive attitudes toward family planning. Additionally, over 50% of respondents cited cultural or religious beliefs as significant factors discouraging contraceptive use. Financial constraints and limited access to family planning resources were also identified as barriers, affecting nearly 30% of the women surveyed.

The results highlight the need for enhanced community-based family planning programs that focus on raising awareness about the health and economic benefits of family planning. Efforts should particularly address cultural and religious misconceptions that limit family planning acceptance. The findings also suggest that improving accessibility to family planning services at healthcare centers could encourage more women to adopt contraceptive practices. Educational workshops and counseling sessions can further empower women to make informed decisions about family planning, thereby enhancing their reproductive health and contributing to broader health and economic outcomes for families and communities.

Keywords: Family planning, knowledge, women, reproductive health, Buea, contraceptives, barriers, CMA, childbearing age.