Abstract

This study assesses the knowledge of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among youths aged 15-24 years in the Muea community, Buea. UTIs are a prevalent health concern worldwide, with a high incidence in young adults due to lifestyle factors, anatomy, and awareness levels. Knowledge and awareness of UTIs can help reduce risks, improve early detection, and promote prompt treatment, ultimately minimizing complications. This research aims to evaluate youths’ understanding of UTI causes, symptoms, preventive measures, and treatment options in Muea, identifying knowledge gaps and areas for health education interventions.

A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, with a sample size of 100 participants from the target age group. Data were collected using structured questionnaires that covered essential aspects of UTI awareness, including knowledge of risk factors (e.g., poor hygiene, sexual activity, dehydration), symptoms (e.g., frequent urination, pain during urination, cloudy or strong-smelling urine), preventive practices (e.g., adequate hydration, regular hygiene, proper urination habits), and available treatment methods. The questionnaire also explored sources of information on UTIs and participants’ healthcare-seeking behavior when experiencing symptoms.

The findings show that while 70% of respondents could identify at least one symptom of a UTI, only 40% were aware of multiple risk factors. Awareness of prevention methods was low, with just 30% acknowledging the importance of adequate hydration and only 25% recognizing hygiene practices as preventive measures. Furthermore, 35% of participants knew about treatment options, primarily antibiotics, but few were familiar with the importance of completing a full treatment course. Less than half of the respondents indicated they would seek medical assistance immediately if they suspected a UTI, with many preferring self-treatment or home remedies.

The study concludes that although some youth in Muea are aware of UTI symptoms, there are significant gaps in understanding specific risk factors, preventive practices, and the importance of proper treatment. To address these knowledge deficiencies, targeted health education initiatives in community centers, schools, and youth forums are recommended. These programs should emphasize UTI prevention, symptoms, and the necessity of timely medical intervention to reduce risks and prevent long-term health complications. Partnerships with local healthcare providers to facilitate youth-friendly informational sessions could further enhance UTI awareness and encourage responsible health-seeking behaviors.

Keywords: Urinary tract infection, UTI knowledge, youth awareness, risk factors, prevention, treatment, Muea community, health education.