Abstract

Neonatal resuscitation is essential in reducing newborn mortality and morbidity, especially in low-resource settings. This study assesses the availability of equipment, practices, and outcomes of neonatal resuscitation performed by nurses and midwives at the Buea Regional Hospital in Cameroon. The effectiveness of resuscitation depends on the quality of available equipment, healthcare provider skills, and adherence to resuscitation protocols. The study uses a cross-sectional descriptive approach, evaluating both the infrastructure and skill levels involved in neonatal resuscitation efforts.

Data were collected through structured interviews, observational checklists, and a review of neonatal records over a six-month period. The assessment focuses on the availability and functional status of critical resuscitation tools, including suction devices, bag-mask ventilation, and oxygen supply, alongside staffing patterns and training levels. Findings reveal that only 60% of essential neonatal resuscitation equipment is available and functional, with frequent limitations in oxygen access and suction devices. Additionally, although most nurses and midwives had received basic neonatal resuscitation training, 40% reported a lack of refresher courses, impacting their confidence and effectiveness in high-stress situations.

The study examines resuscitation outcomes, noting that while initial stabilization is achieved in 70% of cases, gaps in equipment and protocol adherence contribute to suboptimal recovery and increased NICU admissions for severe cases. Contributing factors include insufficient equipment maintenance, high patient-to-staff ratios, and inadequate training updates. The study observed that neonatal survival rates are lower in cases where oxygen and other critical tools are unavailable, emphasizing the importance of resource allocation.

To improve outcomes, recommendations include ensuring the availability and maintenance of resuscitation equipment, implementing regular refresher training for nurses and midwives, and reducing patient-to-staff ratios. Additionally, establishing a checklist system for equipment functionality before each shift could enhance preparedness. Policies aimed at bolstering training and resources for neonatal resuscitation will be instrumental in reducing neonatal mortality and supporting the hospital’s neonatal care objectives.

Keywords: Neonatal resuscitation, equipment availability, healthcare practices, nurses, midwives, Buea Regional Hospital, neonatal outcomes, Cameroon.