Abstract

Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality among men globally, yet its early detection through screening can significantly improve outcomes. This study explores the knowledge and attitudes towards prostate cancer and screening among males in Bamenda, Cameroon, to assess awareness levels and identify barriers to screening.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 400 male participants from various communities in Bamenda. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that assessed participants’ knowledge about prostate cancer, their attitudes towards the disease, and their practices related to screening. The questionnaire included questions on risk factors, symptoms, and the importance of early detection, as well as participants’ opinions on screening practices.

The findings revealed that 55% of participants had basic knowledge about prostate cancer, including awareness of symptoms such as difficulty in urination and pelvic pain. However, only 40% were aware of the available screening methods, such as the Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) test and digital rectal examination (DRE). Knowledge was notably higher among those with higher education levels and those who had previously received information from healthcare providers.

Attitudes towards prostate cancer screening varied. While 60% of participants acknowledged the importance of early detection, only 35% reported having undergone screening. Common barriers to screening included lack of information (reported by 45% of participants), fear of diagnosis (30%), and financial constraints (25%). Additionally, cultural beliefs and stigmatization of prostate cancer were significant factors influencing attitudes, with some participants viewing the disease as a taboo subject and expressing discomfort with screening procedures.

The study also found that males who had family members or friends with prostate cancer were more likely to have positive attitudes towards screening and to have undergone testing themselves. Healthcare provider recommendations and public health campaigns were identified as important factors that could influence screening behavior.

In conclusion, while there is a general awareness of prostate cancer among males in Bamenda, there is a notable gap in knowledge regarding screening methods and practices. Improving public education on prostate cancer and its screening, addressing cultural and financial barriers, and increasing the availability of screening services are essential for enhancing early detection and management of prostate cancer in the region. Targeted interventions and awareness campaigns can help bridge the knowledge gap and promote more proactive health behaviors among males.

Keywords

Prostate cancer, screening, knowledge, attitudes, Bamenda, Cameroon, early detection, public health, barriers to screening.