Abstract

Hypertension management is significantly influenced by patients’ knowledge and adherence to hygienic and dietary measures. This study examines the knowledge, compliance, and impact of these measures on blood pressure control among hypertensive patients at Douala General Hospital, Cameroon. Understanding these factors is crucial for improving hypertension management and patient outcomes.

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 hypertensive patients attending Douala General Hospital. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and medical record reviews. The questionnaire assessed patients’ knowledge of hypertension management, their compliance with hygienic and dietary recommendations, and their impact on blood pressure control. Clinical assessments were performed to measure blood pressure levels and determine control status.

The study found that 75% of the participants had adequate knowledge of hypertension and the importance of hygienic and dietary measures. Compliance with these measures was reported as follows: 60% adhered to recommended dietary changes, including reduced salt intake and increased consumption of fruits and vegetables; 55% practiced proper hygienic measures such as regular hand washing and maintaining personal cleanliness; and 50% engaged in regular physical activity. Despite this knowledge and compliance, only 65% of the patients had their blood pressure adequately controlled.

The impact of hygienic and dietary measures on blood pressure control was significant. Patients who adhered to dietary recommendations and practiced good hygiene were more likely to achieve better blood pressure control compared to those who did not. Specifically, dietary compliance was associated with a 20% improvement in blood pressure control rates, while adherence to hygienic measures contributed to a 15% increase in controlled cases. Regular physical activity was also linked to improved blood pressure management.

Factors influencing compliance included the level of patient education, socioeconomic status, and the support provided by healthcare providers. Patients with higher education levels and better access to healthcare resources were more likely to comply with hygienic and dietary measures. Additionally, regular counseling and support from healthcare providers were crucial in reinforcing the importance of these measures.

Barriers to compliance included financial constraints, lack of access to healthy food options, and limited awareness of the impact of hygiene on hypertension. The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive patient education and support to enhance adherence to hygienic and dietary measures.

In conclusion, while knowledge of hygienic and dietary measures is relatively high among hypertensive patients at Douala General Hospital, compliance and its impact on blood pressure control vary. Enhancing patient education, improving access to resources, and providing ongoing support from healthcare providers are essential for better management of hypertension and improved patient outcomes.

Keywords

Hypertension, blood pressure control, hygienic measures, dietary measures, Douala General Hospital, patient knowledge, compliance, physical activity, healthcare support.