Abstract

Hypertension, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, is prevalent in Cameroon, yet patient knowledge and compliance with therapy remain significant challenges. This study investigates the level of knowledge about hypertension and its impact on compliance with therapeutic regimens among hypertensive patients in the Bamenda Health District of Cameroon. Understanding these factors is crucial for improving health outcomes and reducing the burden of hypertension-related complications.

A cross-sectional study design was employed, with data collected through structured questionnaires administered to hypertensive patients attending healthcare facilities within the Bamenda Health District. The study assessed patients’ understanding of hypertension, including its causes, symptoms, and potential complications, as well as their adherence to prescribed medications, lifestyle modifications, and regular monitoring. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with healthcare providers to gain insights into challenges faced in promoting compliance among patients.

The findings reveal that while a majority of patients are aware of their hypertensive status, their knowledge of the disease is often superficial. Many patients lack a comprehensive understanding of the long-term risks associated with uncontrolled hypertension, such as stroke, heart failure, and kidney disease. This limited knowledge correlates with poor compliance to therapy, with a significant number of patients failing to adhere to prescribed medication regimens or recommended lifestyle changes. Factors contributing to non-compliance include forgetfulness, perceived side effects of medications, financial constraints, and the absence of regular follow-up.

The study underscores the urgent need for enhanced patient education and counseling on hypertension management. It recommends the integration of tailored health education programs into routine care, focusing on the importance of compliance and the potential consequences of non-adherence. Furthermore, the study advocates for increased support from healthcare providers to address barriers to compliance, such as improving access to affordable medications and regular follow-up services. Strengthening patient knowledge and promoting adherence to therapy are essential steps towards reducing the incidence of hypertension-related complications in the Bamenda Health District.

Keywords: Hypertension, Patient Knowledge, Compliance, Therapy Adherence, Bamenda Health District, Cameroon.