Abstract

Hypertension, often referred to as high blood pressure, is a significant public health concern due to its association with severe cardiovascular conditions. This study assesses the knowledge of residents in the Molyko community, Buea, regarding the causes, risk factors, and prevention of hypertension. Understanding local knowledge levels is essential for designing effective community-based health education interventions aimed at reducing the prevalence of hypertension and its associated complications.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted using structured questionnaires distributed among adults in the Molyko community. The questionnaire covered three key areas: awareness of hypertension causes (such as genetic factors, lifestyle behaviors, and diet), recognition of risk factors (including obesity, physical inactivity, stress, and excessive salt intake), and knowledge of preventive measures (such as maintaining a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and routine blood pressure monitoring). The study also explored the relationship between demographic factors, such as age, education, and income levels, and knowledge about hypertension.

Initial findings indicate that while general awareness of hypertension is relatively high, there are notable gaps in specific knowledge of risk factors and effective preventive practices. For instance, a significant portion of the population is unaware of the impact of high salt consumption and sedentary lifestyles on hypertension risk. Furthermore, misconceptions about hypertension’s causes and the role of preventive measures, like regular exercise and dietary changes, are prevalent among certain demographic groups.

The study underscores the need for targeted health education programs in Molyko that address these knowledge gaps. Health initiatives focusing on dietary education, stress management, and promoting regular physical activity could help mitigate hypertension risk. Strengthening community outreach programs and collaborations with local healthcare providers will be essential to effectively communicate preventive strategies and promote a healthier lifestyle among Molyko residents.

Keywords: hypertension, causes, risk factors, prevention, community health, Molyko community, public health education, Cameroon