Abstract

Sex education for adolescents is essential for promoting healthy behaviors and informed decisions, yet its implementation depends heavily on parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices. This study assesses the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding sex education among parents of adolescents in the Molyko community in Buea, Cameroon. Given the rising rates of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the region, understanding parental involvement in adolescent sex education is crucial for designing effective interventions.

A cross-sectional survey design was used, with data collected from 100 parents of adolescents aged 12 to 18 years. Structured questionnaires captured data on parents’ awareness of sex education concepts, perceptions of its importance, willingness to discuss sexual health topics, and the extent of their engagement in such discussions with their children. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to identify patterns in knowledge, attitudes, and practices.

Findings reveal that 45% of parents had a moderate understanding of basic sex education topics, such as contraception and STI prevention, while 30% had limited knowledge. Only 25% were well-informed on these issues. Parental attitudes towards sex education were generally supportive, with 65% agreeing that adolescents should receive comprehensive sexual health information at home. However, a significant proportion expressed discomfort discussing specific topics, such as safe sex practices and contraception. Cultural beliefs and fear of encouraging early sexual activity were identified as major barriers to open discussions, with 40% of parents avoiding conversations on these topics altogether.

Regarding practice, only 35% of parents reported engaging in regular sex education discussions with their children, while others felt inadequately prepared or uncomfortable. Parents with higher education levels showed greater knowledge and more positive attitudes, contributing to more frequent and effective discussions. The study also found a positive correlation between parents’ knowledge levels and their comfort in discussing sexual health, suggesting that awareness-raising programs may enhance parental involvement in sex education.

Recommendations include implementing community-based workshops to enhance parental knowledge on adolescent sexual health and equip them with communication skills. Integrating culturally sensitive materials and involving local leaders could reduce resistance and foster a supportive environment. By empowering parents as primary educators on sexual health, this approach could significantly contribute to reducing adolescent health risks and promoting informed choices within the Molyko community.

Keywords: Sex education, parents, adolescents, knowledge, attitudes, practices, Buea, Cameroon, sexual health, communication barriers.