Abstract

This study investigates the prevalence of malaria in pregnancy and identifies associated risk factors among women in the Bomaka community, Buea, Cameroon. Malaria in pregnancy remains a critical public health issue due to its adverse effects on maternal and neonatal health, including anemia, low birth weight, and increased mortality. Understanding the prevalence and risk factors in specific communities like Bomaka can guide interventions to reduce the burden of malaria in pregnant women.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Bomaka. Data were collected through structured interviews and medical records to assess malaria prevalence, as confirmed by laboratory tests, and potential risk factors, such as use of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), antenatal care attendance, socio-economic status, and environmental factors. Statistical analysis was used to determine associations between these factors and malaria prevalence.

Results indicated a high malaria prevalence rate of 38% among the pregnant women in the study sample. A significant portion (65%) of affected women reported inconsistent use of ITNs. Additionally, lower socio-economic status and living in areas with poor drainage were linked to increased malaria prevalence. Women attending fewer than the recommended antenatal visits showed higher rates of infection, highlighting a gap in preventive care. Knowledge about malaria prevention was generally adequate; however, misconceptions about malaria treatment during pregnancy were common and influenced some women’s care-seeking behaviors.

The findings underscore the need for increased access to malaria preventive resources, such as ITNs, and comprehensive antenatal care. Education programs should target misconceptions about malaria in pregnancy and promote consistent ITN usage. The study recommends reinforcing community-based interventions focused on environmental management and promoting regular antenatal care visits. Enhancing these aspects can help mitigate the risks associated with malaria in pregnancy, improving health outcomes for both mothers and babies in Bomaka.

Keywords: malaria, pregnancy, prevalence, risk factors, insecticide-treated nets, antenatal care, Bomaka community, Cameroon