Abstract

Eclampsia remains a significant cause of maternal and perinatal mortality in low-resource settings, including Cameroon. This study explores the perception and management of eclampsia among pregnant women in the Yaounde II municipality of the Center Region of Cameroon. The research focuses on understanding the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to eclampsia and its management, examining how these factors influence maternal health outcomes.

A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issue. A sample of 150 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Yaounde II was surveyed, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 healthcare providers, including obstetricians, midwives, and nurses, who are directly involved in managing eclampsia. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while thematic analysis was applied to the qualitative data.

The findings reveal a concerning gap in knowledge about eclampsia among pregnant women. Only 35% of the respondents could accurately identify the symptoms of eclampsia, and less than 30% understood the potential complications if left untreated. The study also highlights a prevalent belief that eclampsia is a result of spiritual forces or witchcraft, which significantly influences health-seeking behavior. Many women reported seeking traditional remedies or spiritual interventions before approaching formal healthcare facilities.

The management of eclampsia in Yaounde II faces several challenges, including delayed presentation to healthcare facilities, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and limited access to essential medications like magnesium sulfate. Healthcare providers expressed concerns over the late referral of cases from peripheral health centers, often leading to severe complications or maternal deaths. The study also uncovered gaps in the training of healthcare workers in the detection and management of preeclampsia and eclampsia, with some providers lacking updated knowledge on current treatment protocols.

The study concludes that enhancing awareness about eclampsia among pregnant women through targeted health education programs is crucial in improving early detection and timely management. Additionally, there is a need to strengthen the healthcare system in Yaounde II by ensuring that healthcare facilities are adequately equipped and healthcare workers are trained in managing eclampsia. Addressing the cultural misconceptions surrounding eclampsia through community engagement and sensitization efforts is also recommended to improve health outcomes.

Keywords

Eclampsia, maternal health, perception, management, pregnant women, Yaounde II, Cameroon, healthcare infrastructure, health education, cultural beliefs.