ABSTRACT

Planning is one of the fundamental functions of managers; organization considers planning pertinent in achieving their objectives. This study focused on evaluating the role of planning in achieving organization objective. This research work is divided into five chapters. Chapter one deals with the introduction, background of study, statement of research problem, statement of purpose etc. Chapter two deals on the literature review of planning tools used in planning and the problems of planning was revealed under this chapter. The next chapter which is chapter three discusses the research methodology; under this we have the research design, sources of data collection, area of study and sample size, sampling techniques, description of data analysis etc. Chapter four emphases on data analysis where the data collected are presented, analyzed and interpreted using ration of percentage and square (X²) analytical techniques were used to find out if there is relation between planning and achievement in organizational goals. Chapter five treats the major summary of findings, conclusion and recommendation of the research work. From the research, it is found that proper planning and implementation leads to the achievement of organization goals. Again, it is seen that proper planning boost the productivity of the organization. Finally, based on the result of the study, recommendations were given which if applied, it would result to proper planning, and hence organization objectives could be achieved easily.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

One of the major functions of management is planning. This is a fundamental function because it determines the nature and scope of other managerial functions and general activities carried out in the organization. Planning establishes goals or objectives which end in views in establishing organization activities. Because of the pivotal role planning plays in running an organization of management if group effect is effective, people must know what they expected to accomplish.  

Planning is a critical tool for achieving organizational objectives. Effective planning involves setting clear goals, identifying the resources required to achieve those goals, and developing a plan of action to achieve them. Planning is an ongoing process that helps organizations to prioritize their activities, allocate resources efficiently, and adapt to changes in the business environment.

One of the key benefits of planning is that it helps organizations to set clear goals and priorities. By defining what they want to achieve and the steps required to achieve it, organizations can ensure that everyone is working towards a shared objective. This can help to improve communication, collaboration and alignment across different functions and departments within the organization (Mintzberg, 1994).

Planning also enables organizations to allocate resources effectively. By identifying the resources required to achieve their objectives, organizations can ensure that they have sufficient resources to support their activities. This can include financial resources, human resources, technology, and other assets required to achieve their goals. Effective resource allocation is essential for achieving organizational objectives and can help to reduce waste, increase efficiency, and improve performance (Bourne et al., 2005).

Another benefit of planning is that it helps organizations to develop strategies to overcome obstacles. By anticipating potential obstacles and developing contingency plans to address them, organizations can minimize the impact of unexpected events on their operations. This can include changes in the business environment, such as new regulations or market conditions. By having a plan in place to address these challenges, organizations can maintain their focus on achieving their objectives and reduce the risk of failure (Kotter, 1996).

Planning also helps organizations to anticipate and adapt to changes in the business environment. By regularly reviewing their plans and strategies, organizations can identify changes in the business environment and adjust their plans accordingly. This can include changes in customer preferences, technological advancements, or shifts in the competitive landscape. By adapting to these changes, organizations can maintain their competitive advantage and achieve their objectives (Ansoff, 1979).

Finally, planning can help organizations to improve performance and productivity. By setting clear goals and objectives, allocating resources effectively, and developing strategies to overcome obstacles and adapt to changes in the business environment, organizations can achieve their objectives more efficiently. This can lead to increased productivity, reduced costs, and improved financial performance (Hrebiniak, 2006).

planning is an essential tool for achieving organizational objectives. Effective planning can help organizations to set clear goals and priorities, allocate resources efficiently, develop strategies to overcome obstacles, anticipate and adapt to changes in the business environment, and improve performance and productivity. By using planning as a tool, organizations can increase their chances of success and achieve their objectives more effectively.

Planning is the basic of all managerial functions which involves selecting organizational objectives, department goals and determining ways of attaining them. This planning provides a national approach or pre-selected objectives.

According to Peretoam Halian, planning is fundamentally chosen and planning arises when an alternative course of action is discovered. In the light of the above planning is essentially decision making. Planning is deviating in advance what to do, when to do it, who to do it and how to do it, organization needs to plan effectively whether they are dealing on external or internal factors.

In the words of Dare and Hain, good planning is a precondition of projects for effective result and efficiency. Planning helps the Limbe 1 Council to determine;

1. The number of employees level of skill and experience.
2. Their salary scales.
3. The best way to utilize and motivate them.
4. The goals of the organization and how it can be achieved.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Despite the emphasis laid on the essentially, effectiveness and efficiency of planning:

1. The lack managerial skill and experience for maximum performance and this render some of them helpless.
2. It lacks finance to run its affairs.
3. They lack effective planning skills, indiscipline.

1.3 Research Questions

1. How can planning improve the efficiency and effectiveness?
2. How do you rate your work place generally
3. Who should be involved in the planning of the company goal?

1.4 Objective of the Study

The purpose of this research work is specifically on the role of planning as an effective tool achieving organizational objective. This research work will highlight the important of planning as an effective tool for achieving organizational objective.

1. To determine how planning can improve on the development of Limbe 1 Council
2. To examine how planning can affect working environment.
3. To find out who should be involved in the planning of the organization goal.

1.5            Hypothesis

1. Planning helps to improve on the development of Limbe 1 Council.
2. Working environment is more conducive when plans are set.
3. The combination of managers, employees and experts in the field are needed set up the organization plans or goals.