Abstract

This study examines the prevalence, risk factors, and management of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) in women in Buea, Cameroon. Pregnancy-induced hypertension is a common and serious complication that can lead to adverse outcomes for both the mother and the fetus. It encompasses conditions such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, all of which require careful monitoring and management to prevent severe health consequences.

The research employs a cross-sectional design, collecting data from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in various healthcare facilities in Buea. The study investigates the prevalence of PIH among the study population, identifies associated risk factors such as age, parity, obesity, and pre-existing medical conditions, and evaluates the effectiveness of current management practices. Additionally, the research explores the awareness and knowledge of PIH among pregnant women, their adherence to recommended antenatal care guidelines, and the challenges they face in accessing timely and appropriate medical care.

Preliminary findings indicate that PIH is a significant concern in Buea, with a notable percentage of pregnant women developing hypertension during pregnancy. Common risk factors identified include advanced maternal age, obesity, and a history of hypertension or related conditions. The study also reveals gaps in knowledge and awareness among pregnant women regarding the risks and management of PIH, which may contribute to delayed diagnosis and inadequate management. Healthcare providers face challenges in managing PIH due to limited resources, high patient loads, and occasional delays in referral and treatment processes.

The study underscores the importance of early detection and comprehensive management of PIH to improve maternal and fetal outcomes. Recommendations include increasing awareness and education about PIH among pregnant women, enhancing training for healthcare providers in managing hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, and improving access to essential resources and timely interventions. By addressing these issues, the research aims to reduce the incidence of PIH-related complications and promote healthier pregnancies in the Buea region.

Keywords
Pregnancy-induced hypertension, PIH, preeclampsia, eclampsia, maternal health, Buea, Cameroon, risk factors, antenatal care, maternal outcomes, fetal outcomes.