Abstract

This study investigates the prevalence and risk factors associated with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) in Mezam Division, North West Region, Cameroon. Hypertensive disorders, including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia, are leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. In regions like Mezam Division, where access to healthcare may be limited, understanding the prevalence and risk factors of HDP is crucial for developing effective prevention and management strategies.

The research employs a cross-sectional design, collecting data from pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in various healthcare facilities within Mezam Division. The study aims to determine the prevalence of HDP among these women and identify key risk factors such as age, parity, body mass index (BMI), history of hypertension, and socioeconomic status. The research also examines the relationship between these risk factors and the severity of hypertensive disorders, as well as the outcomes for both the mother and the fetus.

Preliminary findings suggest a significant prevalence of HDP in the study population, with a higher incidence observed among women with advanced maternal age, higher BMI, and a history of hypertension. Socioeconomic factors, including limited access to antenatal care and education, also appear to contribute to the risk of developing HDP. The study reveals that women with HDP are more likely to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and increased need for medical interventions.

The research highlights the need for targeted interventions to reduce the burden of HDP in Mezam Division. Recommendations include improving access to quality antenatal care, particularly for high-risk women, and enhancing education about the importance of early detection and management of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. Additionally, the study suggests implementing community-based programs to raise awareness about the risk factors and complications associated with HDP. By addressing these issues, the research aims to improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes in the region.

Keywords
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, HDP, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, eclampsia, Mezam Division, North West Region, Cameroon, maternal health, risk factors, antenatal care