ABSTRACT

Prunus africana, commonly known as the African plum tree, is a valuable species indigenous to the Mount Cameroon region. This study examines the exploitation and conservation of Prunus africana, highlighting its economic, ecological, and cultural significance. The increasing demand for its bark, which is rich in active compounds used in traditional medicine and pharmaceutical products, has led to unsustainable harvesting practices that threaten the species and its habitat.

The study begins with an overview of the ecological role of Prunus africana in the Mount Cameroon ecosystem. It discusses its contributions to biodiversity, soil conservation, and local livelihoods. The tree is known for its medicinal properties, particularly in treating prostate conditions and other ailments, making it a crucial resource for local communities. The reliance on Prunus africana for economic sustenance has increased pressure on its populations, leading to habitat degradation and declining tree numbers.

The research highlights the key drivers of exploitation, including commercial demand and inadequate regulatory frameworks. Local communities often engage in unsustainable harvesting practices due to a lack of awareness and enforcement of conservation laws. The study further explores the socio-economic factors contributing to over-exploitation, such as poverty, limited access to alternative livelihoods, and the absence of community-based management strategies.

In response to the challenges posed by exploitation, the study evaluates existing conservation efforts for Prunus africana in the Mount Cameroon region. It examines local and international initiatives aimed at sustainable management, such as the establishment of protected areas, community forestry programs, and awareness campaigns. Collaborative efforts between governmental bodies, non-governmental organizations, and local communities are critical for effective conservation strategies.

The analysis reveals that while some initiatives have shown promise, challenges remain in ensuring sustainable practices. These include inadequate funding, lack of technical support, and ongoing pressure from illegal harvesting. The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach that incorporates sustainable harvesting practices, community engagement, and effective regulatory frameworks.

In conclusion, the sustainable exploitation and conservation of Prunus africana in the Mount Cameroon region are vital for preserving this important species and its ecological niche. Strengthening conservation measures, promoting community involvement, and raising awareness about sustainable practices are essential for ensuring the long-term viability of Prunus africana and the well-being of local communities dependent on it.

Keywords: Prunus africana, conservation, exploitation, Mount Cameroon, sustainable management, biodiversity, traditional medicine, community involvement.